Teori ikonisiti dalam sintaksis

Abstract

The Platonic paradigm and the Aristotlian paradigm are the two paradigm which underlying present day linguistic theory. The Aristotlian paradigm is held by famous linguists, Ferdinand de Saussure, who claimed that language is arbitrary. The study of iconicity within the Paltonic tradition was instigated by Jakobson s article "Quest for the essence of language" ( 1971) in which, quoting Julius Caesar's famous statement veni, vidi, vici which means I came, I saw, I won. Jakobson convincingly explained that language, i.e. linguistic sign, is not arbitrary as Saussure claimed Strongly inspired by the semioticians and philosophers Peirce anda Morris, Jakobson s article became the impetus of more interest in the semiotic nature of language. Other scholars, Ogden & Richards ( 1923) said that linguistic sign has three aspects, namely symbol, thought or reference, and referent. Then, those three aspects were modified into signifier, signified and referent. Iconicity is obtained when signified is reflected into signifier by refering the non-linguistic world, in short the signifier reflects the signified. In grammar, the signifier covers grammatical constructions, namely compound word, phrase, clause, sentence, paragraph , and discourse. The constituents of such constructions reflects the relation between the signifier and the signified.