Nobat dan Etnifikasi: Pertembungan Budaya dan Pengadaptasiannya dalam Pembentukan Identiti Melayu
(Nobat and Ethnification: Cultural Encounters and Adaptation in the Formation of Malay Identity)
Abstrak
Kejatuhan Melaka pada tahun 1511 menyaksikan kemunculan dan kebangkitan semula kerajaan Melayu yang cuba untuk mengisi kekosongan yang ditinggalkan oleh empayar tersebut. Susulan daripada itu, berlakunya pertembungan antara masyarakat tempatan dengan pedagang dan pengembara Eropah yang merangsang "pembentukan etnik" di Selat Melaka. Kesultanan Melayu terus mengamalkan adat istiadat yang memperlihatkan muzik sebagai simbol identiti dan ketamadunan Melayu yang diabadikan melalui sastera istana. Muzik menjadi alat yang penting untuk membangkitkan kesedaran identiti secara kolektif, serta melakarkan sempadan sosial dan politik masyarakat Melayu. Dengan merujuk kesusasteraan Melayu klasik dan catatan Eropah, artikel ini membincangkan peranan muzik istana yang dikenali sebagai nobat dalam proses pembentukan identiti Melayu seiring dengan usaha kerajaan Melayu yang saling bersaing untuk menjadi pusat budaya, politik dan ekonomi serantau di antara abad ke-15 dan abad ke-17 Masihi.
Kata kunci: nobat, muzik istana, identiti Melayu, kesusasteraan, Kesultanan Melayu
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